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Правапіс о, э, а

Літары а, о, э, у пішуцца ў пачатку слова і пасля цвёрдых зычных для абазначэння адпаведных галосных гукаў. Літара і пішацца ў пачатку слова, пасля зычных пішацца ы або і ў залежнасці ад цвёрдасці або мяккасці зычных. 
Літара о пішацца толькі пад націскам: год, кот, скрозь, шоўк, Орша, То'кіа.
 
Літара э пішацца:
— у пачатку выклічнікаў э, эге, эге-ге, эй, эх;
— пасля прыстаўной літары г у слове гэты і вытворных ад яго, а таксама ў выклічніках гэ, гэй і назвах літар (бэ, вэ і інш.);
пасля шыпячых, [р], [д], [т] і цвёрдага [ц]:
жэрдка, жэмчуг, шэры, рэкі, сардэчны, мястэчка, цэны, у руцэ.
 
У пачатку запазычаных слоў літара э, як пад націскам, так і не пад націскам пішацца ў адпаведнасці з літаратурным вымаўленнем:
э'ра, эсэ', Эўклі'д; е'гер, ерэты'к.
На канцы запазычаных нязменных слоў, а таксама ўласных імён і геаграфічных назваў пасля зычных, акрамя л, к, пішацца э:
купэ', рэзюмэ', кафэ', каратэ';
але: са'льта-марта'ле, філе', камюніке', піке'.

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